final essay

Omar El Gendy

World History I

Influence of Trading On the Ottoman Empire

            The Ottoman Empire was once one of the most powerful empires on earth. The Ottoman Empire consisted of many territories in Asia, Africa and even Europe. Trading was essential to the Ottomans. Every country has a limited amount of resources and minerals, some countries lack resources other countries or empires may have. The Ottomans traded goods with France and later on England. Istanbul was the perfect location to ship goods from east to west and vice versa.

            The Ottomans traded with empires all over the world. They received fur, grain and amber from Southern Russia, mirrors and drugs from Europe. In return the Ottomans shipped tea, silk, spices and porcelain. The ottomans were really organized and they traded legally. For every shipment there was a tax imposed. This tax did not exceed 10% of the shipment value. All trading was supervised by the government and anyone who tries to evade paying the taxes would be punished.

            The Ottomans imported a lot of goods however they rarely exported items needed for military such as wood, minerals and food. Wood was really vital for the Ottomans because they built a lot of ships. The Ottoman Empire controlled the spice route; they also controlled many seas including the Mediterranean Sea. There were pirates who endangered the shipment of goods in the Ottoman Empire so there were soldiers on board to protect the ship from any attack.

            The ruler of the Ottoman Empire Mehmed encouraged trading, he brought merchants to Istanbul. Mehmed also welcomed the Jews who were getting persecuted everywhere in Europe. The Jews who settled in the Ottoman Empire were able to gain wealth by trading goods and starting their own business. The Ottoman Empire was strongly influenced by trading, any lacking resources or minerals were obtained by trading.

        The Ottoman Empire controlled multiple of trade routes, however, by the seventeenth century; the Europeans controlled most of the routes. Other obstacles that diminished the ottomans control on trade routes were a fight with Iran and European dominance in the area. The ottomans traded frequently to improve their empire. Any missing elements or minerals were acquired through trading.

      Istanbul was one of the largest trade centers ever. Ships travelled from Istanbul to Europe on daily basis. Istanbul location was perfect for trading. It was exactly between Europe and Asia. The Ottoman Empire was a prestigious empire. Trading was necessary for the Ottomans and they mastered trading with European countries. The Ottoman empire grew stronger and powerful by trading.  

  The Ottomans expanded their empire through trading. Trading was essential for all countries. The Ottoman Empire controlled trade routes; this made it easy for them to send goods back and forth. Most people in the Ottoman Empire, especially the middle class, earned money through trading. Trading opened new job opportunities such as being a merchant and it also strengthened the economy. Trading is one of the main reasons the Ottoman Empire expanded and became such a powerful empire.

Bibliography

1. " Ottoman traders guild". Accessed November, 26, 2011. http://www.ottoman-traders.com/ 
2. " The ottoman empire". Accessed November,26,2011. http://www.turizm.net/turkey/history/ottoman3.html 
3. "The rise of the turks and the ottoman empire". Accesed November,26,2011 http://www.turizm.net/turkey/history/ottoman3.html

Essay Introduction

Omar El Gendy

World History I

Influence of Trading On the Ottoman Empire

            The Ottoman Empire was once one of the most powerful empires on earth. The Ottoman Empire consisted of many territories in Asia, Africa and even Europe. Trading was essential to the Ottomans. Every country has a limited amount of resources and minerals, some countries lack resources other countries or empires may have. The Ottomans traded goods with France and later on England. Istanbul was the perfect location to ship goods from east to west and vice versa.

            The Ottomans traded with empires all over the world. They received fur, grain and amber from Southern Russia, mirrors and drugs from Europe. In return the Ottomans shipped tea, silk, spices and porcelain. The ottomans were really organized and they traded legally. For every shipment there was a tax imposed. This tax did not exceed 10% of the shipment value. All trading was supervised by the government and anyone who tries to evade paying the taxes would be punished.

outline Omar El Gendy

Qouestion: how and why did trade effected econemyt in the ottoman empire?
paraghraph1: introduction about the Ottoman wealth, power, culture. information about the Ottoman empire. Nomad people who moved around for food, agriculture, land.
paraghrapgh2: During renaissance trading was from city to city or by merchant chip. ways of trading. kinds of trading objects, traditions, culture.
paraghrph3: The Ottoman economic mind was closely related to the basic concepts of state and society in the Middle East in which the ultimate goal of a state was consolidation and extension of the ruler's power, and the way to reach it was to get rich resources of revenues by making the productive classes prosperous
paraghraph4: location of the Ottoman and trade. The economic structure of the Empire was defined by its geopolitical structure. The Ottoman Empire stood between the West and the East, thus blocking the land route eastward and forcing Spanish and Portuguese navigators to set sail in search of a new route to the Orient. The Empire controlled the spice route that Marco polo once used. 
paraghraph5: Modern Ottoman studies think that the change in relations between the Ottomans and central Europe was caused by the opening of the new sea routes. It is possible to see the decline in the significance of the land routes to the East as Western Europe opened the ocean routes that bypassed the Middle East and Mediterranean as parallel to the decline of the Ottoman Empire itself.
paraghraph6: the latest technology of the ottoman empire. what is the main reason for trading those objects.
paraghraph7: conclussion: my opinion at the ottoman empire. How did it end and why?  

Aztecs and conquistadors

Conquistadors:
Conquistadors are people who went to conquear Mexico. They have muskets and horses. They are very powerful and invanced. They are humans, which here for treasure and gold. Their reliegon is monotheistic. They pull thier ships on the beach and scupper them, so they cant escape.

Aztecs:
There was people who came in our land. they were called the conquistadors. They had sticks with fire, and they ride deer. They sacrafice people, and they are here for revenge. Our religion is Polytheistic but thier religion is Monotheistic. They say about us that we have amazing stone building. I am afrain that those people want to conquear Mexico

Why did Lutheranism appeal to the princes?

Omar El Gendy

Social studies

October, 8, 2011

Why did Lutheranism appeal to the princes?

       The princes liked the Lutheranism a lot because it made more money. Lutheranism also had control of many lands. They shut down monasteries too. They have free of political control. Because of all of that reasons the Lutheranism became richer and wealthier.

      Martin Luther highlighted the charges that the corrupt church administration, subject to be exploited.  Germans thought it was controlled by the French and the Spanish corrupt. They considered Martin Luther threat to Catholicism. Catholic Church supports Martin Luther.

     They had to pay taxes for both church and government. The knights had no control of taxes. They interpreted the bible. The bible tells them not to pay taxes. They were forced to pay many taxes, which caused them to be mad at Luther.

     The Schmalkalden league arranged to unite together if any member is attacked. It prevents any enemy from attacking and it unites people together. That rule makes them stronger and powerful. The peace of Augsberg settled peace between Charles V and Schmalkaden league.

    At the end it allowed German principals to select either Lutherianism or Catholicism Damos they controlled. The people had the choice of choosing. Martin Luther changed  many things like shutting down monasteries, and having free of political control.

    In my opinion Martin Luther is a great man and he did many things that’s great. Lutheranism is wise and fair. I think that people was supposed to choose Lutheranism. Lutheranism believes in faith not good work which is wise and thoughtful.       

you-tube url link

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LBSp6rSOtog

video

The video is HD so i cant send it, so i will bring it on a flash drive.
web sites:
www.columbus-day.123holiday.net
www.franciscan-archive.org
www.wikipedia.com
www.bbc.co.uk
www.columbusnavigation.com
www.wikiansers.com

How was Europe changed by the crusades?

Omar El Gendy

14-9-2011

How was Europe changed by the crusades?

          There were many changes in Europe as a result of the crusades. The Pope was the leader of Europe. There were many effects of the crusades on commerce. As a result many ships were made and the exportation of products of the Middle East to Europe. The crusades had political effects like the feudalism became weaker, cities became in depended.

        Some social effects of the crusades were that the knights stole and they were very bad to the peasants. They decided to have a code of conduct to let the knights be good. The minds of the crusades were liberalized and the people became mannered.  

          Trade brought wealth to the country and it played a big role. The knights ordered merchants to get spices from the Middle East; as a result Venice, Pisa, and Genoa were very rich. The stories of the Middle East interested many people to go there. At the end the cities were wealthy and had banks which lend people for war.